- Title
- Innate immunity in the airways to respiratory viruses
- Creator
- Hsu, Alan C. - Y.; Zhong, Heng; Hansbro, Philip M.; Wark, Peter A. B.
- Relation
- NHMRC.|510762|NHMRC|401314
- Relation
- Virology II - Advanced Issues p. 1-32
- Relation
- https://www.iconceptpress.com/books/virology-ii--advanced-issues/14410086
- Publisher
- iConcept Press
- Resource Type
- book chapter
- Date
- 2014
- Description
- Respiratory viruses are an important class of human pathogens that via aerosols often cause a wide range of diseases from mild symptoms such as cough and sore throat to severe life-threatening diseases including pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Some of the most clinically important respiratory viruses include human SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that caused epidemics in 2003 and influenza virus is continuously causing heavy annual socioeconomical burdens with great concerns of future pandemics. Advances in reverse genetic engineering and molecular immunology has not only revealed novel viral virulence factors and pathogenesis, but also provided appreciative insight into functional characterization of novel signalling proteins and cytokines that are involved in human immunity. The innate arm of human immune system has become a major research focus since the discovery of pattern recognition receptors, overthrowing the theory of non-discriminative innate immune responses against self and non-self entities. This further identifies innate immunity as being the most important first line of defense that not only limits viral replication and spread, but also directs appropriate adaptive immune activation for efficient clearance of viruses. While healthy individuals normally experience symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness such as pneumonia, those with chronic airways diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are more susceptible to infection and suffer more severe complications following infection, with exacerbation of their pre-existing conditions. Although innate immune signalling networks have been extensively investigated, mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility and infection outcome in those with chronic airways diseases are still poorly defined. Hence this review will explore current understanding of innate immune responses to respiratory viruses in the human airways, and how these responses are altered by these viruses and also in those with chronic airways diseases.
- Description
- 1st ed.
- Subject
- respiratory viruses; human SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV); human immune system
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1303949
- Identifier
- uon:20766
- Identifier
- ISBN:9781922227270
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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